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Motor Tool

Motor Wire Size Calculator

// PLAN MOTOR BRANCH-CIRCUIT CONDUCTORS FROM CURRENT OR MCA, CONDUCTOR MATERIAL, DERATING, AND VOLTAGE DROP TARGET //

MOTOR_INPUTS

Use NEC motor table current or equipment nameplate data as appropriate for the job.

Voltage is used for voltage-drop screening. Single-phase uses a round-trip path, three-phase uses the standard sqrt(3) method.

Distance from source to motor in feet.

Many motor jobs try to stay around 3% on the branch run.

Example: 0.80 for an 80% adjusted ampacity screen.

This is a planning tool for branch-circuit conductors. It does not select overload relays, short-circuit protection, starter settings, or manufacturer-specific exceptions.

MOTOR_RESULT
Recommended minimum
8 AWG

8.4 mm2 with adjusted ampacity above the planning target.

Estimated voltage drop
1.93%

4.45 V on the selected conductor.

Motor current
28.0 A
Ampacity target
35.0 A
Allowed drop
6.90 V
Derating factor
1.00

The recommendation clears the selected ampacity and voltage-drop screens for this motor branch circuit.

14 AWG
2.1 mm2
Base ampacity
20.0 A
Adjusted
20.0 A
Drop %
7.77%
Status
No
12 AWG
3.3 mm2
Base ampacity
25.0 A
Adjusted
25.0 A
Drop %
4.88%
Status
No
10 AWG
5.3 mm2
Base ampacity
35.0 A
Adjusted
35.0 A
Drop %
3.06%
Status
No
8 AWG
8.4 mm2
Base ampacity
50.0 A
Adjusted
50.0 A
Drop %
1.93%
Status
Pass
6 AWG
13.3 mm2
Base ampacity
65.0 A
Adjusted
65.0 A
Drop %
1.24%
Status
Pass
4 AWG
21.1 mm2
Base ampacity
85.0 A
Adjusted
85.0 A
Drop %
0.78%
Status
Pass
3 AWG
26.7 mm2
Base ampacity
100 A
Adjusted
100 A
Drop %
0.62%
Status
Pass
2 AWG
33.6 mm2
Base ampacity
115 A
Adjusted
115 A
Drop %
0.49%
Status
Pass
1 AWG
42.4 mm2
Base ampacity
130 A
Adjusted
130 A
Drop %
0.39%
Status
Pass
1/0 AWG
53.5 mm2
Base ampacity
150 A
Adjusted
150 A
Drop %
0.31%
Status
Pass
2/0 AWG
67.4 mm2
Base ampacity
175 A
Adjusted
175 A
Drop %
0.24%
Status
Pass
3/0 AWG
85.0 mm2
Base ampacity
200 A
Adjusted
200 A
Drop %
0.19%
Status
Pass
4/0 AWG
107.2 mm2
Base ampacity
230 A
Adjusted
230 A
Drop %
0.15%
Status
Pass
250 kcmil
126.7 mm2
Base ampacity
255 A
Adjusted
255 A
Drop %
0.13%
Status
Pass
300 kcmil
152.0 mm2
Base ampacity
285 A
Adjusted
285 A
Drop %
0.11%
Status
Pass
350 kcmil
177.3 mm2
Base ampacity
310 A
Adjusted
310 A
Drop %
0.09%
Status
Pass
400 kcmil
202.7 mm2
Base ampacity
335 A
Adjusted
335 A
Drop %
0.08%
Status
Pass
500 kcmil
253.3 mm2
Base ampacity
380 A
Adjusted
380 A
Drop %
0.07%
Status
Pass
HOW_THIS_WORKS

The calculator starts with the motor current value you enter.

If you choose Motor FLC, it multiplies current by 125% for a common branch-circuit conductor planning check.

If you choose Equipment MCA, it uses the entered value directly because the listing often already includes the required adjustment.

It then screens each conductor against adjusted ampacity and the maximum voltage-drop target.

FIELD_NOTES

Motor overload protection, short-circuit protection, and conductor sizing are related but not identical decisions.

Long motor runs often need upsizing for starting performance even when the ampacity math already passes.

For HVAC, compressors, pumps, and packaged equipment, the nameplate can control more than a generic chart.

Use a lower derating factor when ambient temperature or conductor count reduces usable ampacity.

WHEN_TO_VERIFY

Check actual terminal ratings before using any 90C column result in final design.

Confirm feeder rules separately if multiple motors share the same raceway or disconnect.

Compare the planned conductor size against manufacturer instructions and local amendments before installation.

For difficult starts, VFDs, or nuisance trips, review the whole motor circuit instead of only the wire size.