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Neutral Tool

Neutral Wire Size Calculator

// SCREEN FEEDER AND BRANCH-CIRCUIT NEUTRAL CONDUCTORS FROM CALCULATED NEUTRAL LOAD, MATERIAL, RUN LENGTH, AND VOLTAGE-DROP TARGET //

NEUTRAL_INPUTS

Use the system family that produced the calculated neutral load.

Used for the neutral voltage-drop percentage screen.

Enter the phase or feeder load current before neutral demand reduction.

Choose the percentage of load current that applies after your code neutral-load calculation.

Add margin for harmonic-heavy electronic loads when a reduced neutral may be inappropriate.

The tool doubles this distance for neutral voltage-drop resistance math.

A 2% to 3% target is common for planning sensitive branch and feeder circuits.

NEUTRAL_RESULT
Recommended Neutral Conductor
3 AWG
26.7 mm2 / 100 A ampacity
Calculated Neutral Current
80.0 A
Required Ampacity
80.0 A
Estimated Voltage Drop
2.94 V / 2.45%
System Basis
1-phase

Using a 100% neutral-load basis on 80.0 A, the calculated neutral current is 80.0 A. With nonlinear margin included, the ampacity screen is 80.0 A.

This is a conductor sizing screen, not a complete NEC neutral-load calculation. Confirm service, feeder, multiwire branch circuit, nonlinear load, and local amendment requirements before reducing a neutral.

AMPACITY_BASIS
  • Size the neutral from the calculated maximum unbalanced load or the applicable service and feeder neutral-load method.
  • Do not reduce neutrals serving circuits where nonlinear loads, harmonics, or shared neutral rules require a full-sized conductor.
  • After ampacity passes, check voltage drop and raceway fill with the complete conductor set.
NEUTRAL_LOADS
  • Single-phase 120/240 V feeders often use the neutral only for the unbalanced 120 V load.
  • Three-phase four-wire systems can carry significant neutral current when line-to-neutral loads are not balanced.
  • Electronic power supplies can add triplen harmonic current that does not cancel in the neutral.
VOLTAGE_DROP

Neutral voltage drop is estimated with round-trip resistance because current leaves on an ungrounded conductor and returns on the neutral.

For complete circuit performance, check the phase conductors with the voltage drop calculator as well.

CANDIDATE_COMPARISON
SizeAmpacityResistanceVoltage DropStatus
14 AWG2.1 mm220.0 A3.07 ohm/kft36.8 V (30.70%)Review
12 AWG3.3 mm225.0 A1.93 ohm/kft23.2 V (19.30%)Review
10 AWG5.3 mm235.0 A1.21 ohm/kft14.5 V (12.10%)Review
8 AWG8.4 mm250.0 A0.764 ohm/kft9.17 V (7.64%)Review
6 AWG13.3 mm265.0 A0.491 ohm/kft5.89 V (4.91%)Review
4 AWG21.1 mm285.0 A0.308 ohm/kft3.70 V (3.08%)Review
3 AWG26.7 mm2100 A0.245 ohm/kft2.94 V (2.45%)Pass
2 AWG33.6 mm2115 A0.194 ohm/kft2.33 V (1.94%)Pass
1 AWG42.4 mm2130 A0.154 ohm/kft1.85 V (1.54%)Pass
1/0 AWG53.5 mm2150 A0.122 ohm/kft1.46 V (1.22%)Pass
2/0 AWG67.4 mm2175 A0.0967 ohm/kft1.16 V (0.97%)Pass
3/0 AWG85.0 mm2200 A0.0766 ohm/kft0.92 V (0.77%)Pass
4/0 AWG107.2 mm2230 A0.0608 ohm/kft0.73 V (0.61%)Pass
250 kcmil126.7 mm2255 A0.0515 ohm/kft0.62 V (0.51%)Pass
300 kcmil152.0 mm2285 A0.0429 ohm/kft0.51 V (0.43%)Pass
350 kcmil177.3 mm2310 A0.0367 ohm/kft0.44 V (0.37%)Pass
400 kcmil202.7 mm2335 A0.0321 ohm/kft0.39 V (0.32%)Pass
500 kcmil253.3 mm2380 A0.0258 ohm/kft0.31 V (0.26%)Pass